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A typical American Canadian and American bingo cards are flat pieces
of cardboard or non-reusable paper which contain 25 squares arranged
in five vertical and five horizontal rows; Dual dab, or "double-action"
cards have two numbers in each square. Each space in the grid contains
a number, except for the centre square, which is considered filled.
The highest number used is 75. The letters B, I, N, G, O are pre-printed
above the five vertical columns, with one letter appearing above
each column. The center space is marked "free."
The printed numbers on the card correspond to the following arrangement:
1 to 15 in the B column; 16 to 30 in the I column; 31 to 45 in the
N column; 46 to 60 in the G column and 61 to 75 in the O column.
Each
card has a unique serial number to permit quick verification by
computer.
Culture
A typical bingo dauber, which is also used for housie ticketsCanadian
and American games often have multiple bingos — for example,
the players may first play for a single line, then after that is
called continue playing for a full card, then for a consolation
full card.
In
Canadian and American Halls, players often play multiple cards for
each game; thirty is not an unusual number. Because of the large
numbers of cards played by each player, most Canadian and American
halls have the players sit at tables to which they often fasten
their cards with adhesive tape. To mark cards faster the players
usually use special markers called dabbers. At commercial halls,
after calling the number the caller then displays the next number
on a television monitor; bingo cannot be called until that number
is called aloud, however. The numbers already called and the patterns
being played are also displayed on electric signs.
Bingo
is often used as an instructional tool in American primary schools
and in teaching English as a Foreign Language in many countries.
Typically, the numbers are replaced with beginning reader words
(such as those drawn from the Dolch word lists), pictures, or unsolved
math problems. Recently many teachers have taken to using software
to automate the creation of bingo cards, as it is slow and laborious
to do it by hand for large numbers of cards.
The
business of Bingo
In the US, the game is primarily staged by churches or charity organizations.
Their legality and stakes vary by state regulation. In some states,
bingo halls are rented out to sponsoring organizations, and such
halls often run games almost every day. Church-run games, however,
are normally weekly affairs held on the church premises. These games
are usually played for modest stakes, although the final game of
a session is frequently a coverall game that offers a larger jackpot
prize for winning within a certain quantity of numbers called; a
progressive jackpot may increase per session until it is won.
Commercial
bingo games in the US are primarily offered by casinos (and then
only in the state of Nevada), and by Native American bingo halls,
which are often housed in the same location as Indian run casinos.
In Nevada, bingo is usually offered only by casinos that cater to
local gamblers, and not the famous tourist resorts. They will usually
offer several two-hour sessions daily, with relatively modest stakes
except for coverall jackpots. Station Casinos,
a chain of locals-oriented casinos in Las Vegas, offers a special
game each session that ties all of its properties together with
a large progressive jackpot. Native American games are typically
offered for only one or two sessions a day, and are often played
for higher stakes than charity games in order to draw players from
distant places. Some also offer a special progressive jackpot game
that may tie together players from multiple bingo halls.
As
well as bingo played "in house", the larger commercial
operators play some games linked by telephone across several, perhaps
dozens, of their clubs. This increases the prize money, but greatly
reduces the chance of winning due to the much greater number of
players.
There
are examples where Bingo halls are linked togeter in a network to
provide alternative winning structures and higher to prizes. Loto
Quebec in Canada have connected bingo halls in such a manner.
Bingo
is also the basis for online games sold through
licensed lotteries. Tickets are sold like for Lotto and the player
get a receipt with his/her numbers, like a bingo card. The daily
or weekly draw is normally broadcast on TV. These games offers higher
prizes and it is typically more difficult to win. Examples are the
game Extra provided by Norsk Tipping in Norway and Boxen provided
by Danske Spil in Denmark.
The
Bingo logic is frequently used on scratch card games. The numbers
are pre-drawn for each card and hidden until the card is scratched.
In lotteries with online networks the price is
electronically confirmed to avoid fraud based on physical fixing.
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